Rabbit Ventricular Muscle Monitored with Calcium- Selective Microelectrodes
نویسنده
چکیده
Transient changes of extracellular free calcium in rabbit ventricular muscle under nonsteady state conditions were measured with double-barreled calcium microelectrodes. Resumption of stimulation after a rest interval produces a cumulative decrease of extracellular free calcium often by more than 10% (with bulk extracellular free calcium = 0.2 HIM) The extracellular free calcium returns to the bulk value as a new steady state is achieved. The changes of extracellular free calcium recorded presumably represent net calcium uptake and loss by cardiac muscle cells. These cumulative extracellular free calcium depletions are blocked by 0.5 RIM cobalt and 1 HM nifedipine and are increased to 167 ± 11% of control by the calcium agonist Bay k 8644 (1 HM) and to 620 ± 150% of control by increasing stimulus frequency from 0.2-2 Hz. Caffeine (10 ITIM) inhibits the cumulative extracellular free calcium depletions, probably by rendering the sarcoplasmic reticulum unable to accumulate calcium. It is proposed that the extracellular free calcium depletions recorded represent, in large part, calcium which has entered the cells and has been taken up by the sarcoplasmic reticulum (which had become depleted of calcium during the rest interval). Nifedipine and cobalt inhibit these cumulative depletions presumably by preventing the calcium entry which could subsequently be accumulated by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The net cellular calcium uptake produced by such a post-rest stimulation protocol can also be inhibited by 1-3 MM acetylstrophanthidin and reduction of extracellular sodium to 70 mvi. Acetylstrophanthidin and low extracellular sodium would be expected to shift the sodium-calcium exchange in favor of increased calcium uptake, which may, in turn, prevent the loss of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium during the rest interval This would limit the amount of calcium which the sarcoplasmic reticulum could take up with subsequent activation. In contrast to the results with caffeine, ryanodine (1 /*M) increases the magnitude and rate of calcium uptake after a rest interval, indicative of a fundamental difference in the actions of caffeine and ryanodine. When stimulation is stopped in the presence of ryanodine, extracellular free calcium increases much faster than in control. This suggests that ryanodine may enhance calcium uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum during repetitive stimulation and may enhance calcium efflux from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during quiescence. These experiments provide insight into transsarcolemmal calcium movements and certain aspects of cellular calcium regulation. (Circ Res 58: 769-782, 1986)
منابع مشابه
Cumulative depletions of extracellular calcium in rabbit ventricular muscle monitored with calcium-selective microelectrodes.
Transient changes of extracellular free calcium in rabbit ventricular muscle under nonsteady state conditions were measured with double-barreled calcium microelectrodes. Resumption of stimulation after a rest interval produces a cumulative decrease of extracellular free calcium often by more than 10% (with bulk extracellular free calcium = 0.2 mM). The extracellular free calcium returns to the ...
متن کاملThe effects of shortening on myoplasmic calcium concentration and on the action potential in mammalian ventricular muscle.
When cardiac muscle shortens during a contraction, the duration of mechanical activity is abbreviated (shortening deactivation), but the duration of the action potential is prolonged. Neither of these phenomena is fully understood, but both may be related to changes in the myoplasmic free calcium concentration. In these experiments, isolated papillary muscles from cats and ferrets were allowed ...
متن کاملBRIEF COMMUNICATIONS The Effects of Shortening on Myoplasmic Calcium Concentration and on the Action Potential in Mammalian Ventricular Muscle
When cardiac muscle shortens during a contraction, the duration of mechanical activity is abbreviated (shortening deactivation), but the duration of the action potential is prolonged. Neither of these phenomena is fully understood, but both may be related to changes in the myoplasmic free calcium concentration. In these experiments, isolated papillary muscles from cats and ferrets were allowed ...
متن کاملIncrease in intracellular sodium ion activity during stimulation in mammalian cardiac muscle.
Changes in stimulation rate alter the electrical and mechanical characteristics of myocardial cells. We have investigated the possibility that intracellular sodium activity (aiNa) changes with stimulation and correlates with changes in contraction strength. Two kinds of liquid membrane Na+-selective microelectrodes were used to measure aiNa in guinea pig and sheep ventricular muscle and in shee...
متن کاملDiclofenac Prolongs Repolarization in Ventricular Muscle with Impaired Repolarization Reserve
BACKGROUND The aim of the present work was to characterize the electrophysiological effects of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac and to study the possible proarrhythmic potency of the drug in ventricular muscle. METHODS Ion currents were recorded using voltage clamp technique in canine single ventricular cells and action potentials were obtained from canine ventricular prepa...
متن کامل